Title |
Assessing knowledge gaps in adaptation planning and defining suitable measures for adaptation in the land-agriculture-tourism and climate nexus in the Paraná Delta, Argentina
|
NWPWeblink |
|
NWPTypeOfOrganization |
Civil society
|
NWPGeographicRegion |
South America
|
Scope of work |
|
NWPMandatesandFrameworks |
|
NWPModalityApproachandMechanism |
|
NWPEffortsToAddressSOE |
|
NWPRelevantStakeholders |
|
NWPFocusonNElossesFlag |
|
NWPImpactAreas |
|
NWPOutputs |
|
Good practices and lessons learned |
There is consensus among the stakeholders on the persistence of the LAKI knowledge gaps on adaptation in the territory of the Paraná Delta at the different scales of management (national, provincial and local), as well as in the planning tools. These gaps aggravate vulnerabilities, risks, and threats and add complexities in designing adequate adaptation measures. The gaps also prevent the development of concrete solutions further impacting ecosystems, and social systems, as well as jeopardizing the economic development and resource use in the Paraná Delta. Additionally, in some cases, the political agendas oriented to the productive development of the territory and not centered on people, prevent a greater integration of knowledge and its use in the design of response mechanisms for adaptation to climate change.
There is a relationship between the knowledge gaps and the four vulnerability dimensions studied (social, environmental, physical, economic). According to the analysis, the prevalence of the knowledge gaps identified could be ranked as follows:
1) gaps in integrated research on the effects of climate change on ecosystem services and their relationship with the quality of life of populations,
2) lack of mechanisms to include adaptation in current planning tools,
3) lack of information and analysis related to the impact of climate change on agricultural production systems and tourism activity in the Delta and
4) lack of economic information and cost-benefit analysis of adaptation needs (with the least number of records or information from the stakeholders).
Focus on most prevalent knowledge gap:
Regarding gap 1, there was a broad consensus that the communities in the Paraná Delta, inhabiting the territory, should be involved so that they contribute to the processes of knowledge generation as knowledge-bearing stewards since they are the ones who better know the territory and its needs. The stakeholders highlighted the existence of a large amount of local research from communities, local stakeholders, grassroots civil society organizations, local governments, academia, and institutions engaged in generating/gathering and managing technical knowledge. However, this knowledge production is often carried out in isolation or is aligned to specific sectoral objectives or programs hence limiting the capacity for integration of the different stakeholders involved in the Delta. According to the stakeholders this is partly due to an existing limitation in management, communication, and funding from the central level of government, as well as a weakness in public policies and coordination at the subnational level.
New gaps and barriers in the territory were identified:
● Lack of information on funding opportunities and/or lack of access to financial sources (tourism)
● Gap between the model of consumption, production and extraction of natural resources compared to paradigm of the conservation of “the web of life” (food security)
● Lack of public information on judicial processes (food security) in particular, those related to burning activities in the wetlands.
● Lack of information on the impacts of climate change leading to maladaptation (land use)
● Inadequate capacity by local communities to influence policy and action due to limited involvement in key processes.
● Barriers due to the use of terminology or concepts which makes it difficult to disseminate knowledge about adaptation and risk management (land use).
Tools and mechanisms for strengthening adaptation planning:
Considering the data compiled from the two co-creation workshops which provided an analysis of the links between the studied knowledge gaps, dimensions of vulnerability, and the identified climate risks and threats, the following insights on enabling tools and mechanisms for strengthening adaptation planning were highlighted:
● Climate change adaptation planning is an essential tool to face the threats and risks posed by climate change in the Middle Paraná Delta.
● National and sub-national government institutions are recognized as essential stakeholders for closing knowledge gaps and the development of adaptation responses.
● Among the main tools/accelerators available to develop adaptation processes to climate change, the knowledge of local communities and local civil society organizations need to be more visible:
○ Local communities are the first to experience vulnerability and generate response and adaptation mechanisms.
○ Civil society organizations have an increasing interest in participatory processes for adaptation.
○ Civil society organizations are identified as “invisible stakeholders”. The inclusion of invisibilized stakeholders in adaptation planning processes would contribute to a useful social cohesion in the process of generating adaptation responses.
● Local stakeholders acknowledge their own capacities and will to strengthen climate change adaptation to reduce the dimensions of vulnerability in the territory through the tools that are available in the territory.
● Better communication of adaptation strategies and the broad climate change agenda planned by the municipal and provincial governments would allow for the meaningful influence of local knowledge as well as for a stronger use of available funding mechanisms by local initiatives.
● Different capacities and tools available to the community have been identified by the participants for each of the knowledge gaps on adaptation, predominantly in the areas of participation in planning and integrated research (knowledge gaps 2 and 1).
● Integrating climate change learning into the curriculum is seen as an essential way to involve the communities as a whole into the response to challenges posed by climate change.
● Economic information (knowledge gap 3), including cost-benefit analysis of adaptation measures, was the least mentioned by stakeholders as relevant to improving adaptation planning. This type of information was also identified as the least available in the territory. Greater capacity building and empowerment of local stakeholders on the use and relevance of this type of information would strengthen planning processes with the participation of the territory. |
NWPGapsChallenges |
|
Date of submission |
|
Abbreviation |
|
Activities |
|
Adaptation element |
Adaptation planning and practices; Knowledge management
|
Adaptation sector/theme |
Agriculture; Food security; Services; Tourism
|
Climate hazard |
Drought; Erratic rainfall; Land and forest degradation; Wildfire
|
Country |
Argentina
|
NWPDataSource |
|
Description |
This research seeks to contribute to a better understanding of the knowledge gaps on adaptation to climate change planning in the Middle Paraná Delta. The knowledge gathering process was facilitated through comprehensive literature review, interviews, co-creation workshops and virtual meetings with stakeholders over a period of five months – January to May 2022. The research aimed to contextualize and assess the prevalence of gaps and needs identified through the Lima Adaptation Knowledge Initiative (LAKI).
The main results imply the persistence of adaptation knowledge gaps identified by LAKI workshops for the Andean subregion. The most prevalent gap is the lack of integrated research on the effects of climate change on ecosystem services and their relationship with the quality of life of populations. The local community is identified as a key stakeholder for adaptation planning processes while national and subnational government actions are perceived as essential for the generation of adaptation responses.
Climate change adaptation planning is recognized by the stakeholders as an essential tool to face the threats and risks posed by climate change in the Middle Paraná Delta. |
Expected outcome |
|
Further information |
|
NWPGeographicScope |
Local
|
Indicators of achievement |
|
NWPInformationType |
Case study
|
NWPJoinDate |
01/07/2024
|
NWPPartner |
National University of Rosario |
Purpose |
|
Regional group |
|
Target group |
Communities; Policy makers; Practitioners
|
NWPWorkStream |
NWP
|
NWPYear |
|
NWPOutcome |
During the co-creation workshops, the impacts and risks of climate change in the middle Delta of Paraná were addressed. Droughts and floods as well as their associated risks, including fires, loss of crops and livelihoods, severely affect the quality of life of the population in the Paraná Delta and are seen as priority issues for adaptation by communities. Additionally, urbanization related to unsustainable architectural designs as well as inadequate land use planning policies, loss of ecosystems and biodiversity negatively impact the quality of life of the populations.
There is a division of functions and tasks between different stakeholders that can play negatively in closing knowledge gaps. Governmental institutions assume the responsibility of elaborating and implementing policies, building frameworks for participation and coordination between different levels (local, subnational and national). Academic and technical institutions participate in the construction of knowledge. Locally-based civil society organizations in turn have sought to provide local knowledge and influence decision-making. This exhaustive division of functions leads to new gaps in communication and collaboration, limiting the ability to generate better responses to climate change.
Regarding the governance, the co-creation process has identified that the articulation between governmental and non-governmental institutions is insufficient, which weakens the response to the effects of climate change, including planning. Stakeholders also recognized that good governance should include an improvement in the generation, management and access to knowledge, strengthening the science-policy-regulatory interface.
The disconnection between scientific-academic knowledge, the knowledge of the communities and the information built at a technical level in the government spheres, results in a poor response to the impacts, risks and vulnerabilities associated with climate change in the Delta.
The political agenda of the different public institutions in Argentina face coordination problems, challenging the process and outcome of designing relevant measures for adaptation to climate change. In the case of the Delta, this lack of coordination is exacerbated as a result of jurisdictional problems and the judicialization of conflicts derived from property vs. land possession, changes in land use and unsustainable practices linked to the extensive cattle ranching process that the territory has suffered in recent decades.
In more contextual terms, the climate change agenda on mitigation and adaptation at the national level lacks clarity and continuity, as well as funding, which limits the potential of proposals at the local scale. However, the recent elaboration of the National Plan for Adaptation and Mitigation to Climate Change and other planning and monitoring instruments open up opportunities for the mainstreaming of adaptation in public policies as a development policy in the territories.
At the same time, the absence of a common vision among different stakeholders at the community and territorial level that can influence governments and private actors is identified. The co-creation process has shown misgivings and a lack of trust among some of these stakeholders. However, there are relevant experiences in the territory such the Deliot Legacy Commission, which has 10 years of horizontal work between NGOs, academic sector and the Municipality of Rosario, for the co-management of the Los Tres Cerros Reserve, located in the province of Entre Ríos, property of the city of Rosario by the legacy of Carlos Deliot. |
NWPPartners |
|
Type of knowledge resource |
|
|
Scale of work |
|
NWPSlowOnsetEvents |
|
NWPReferences |
1. Adger, W. N. (1999) Social Vulnerability to Climate Change and Extremes in Coastal Vietnam, World Development, 27 (2), 249-269.
2. Antico, A., Schlo hauer, G., & Torres, M. E. (2014). Analysis of the hydro-climatic variability of the Paraná basin using a new method of empirical modal decomposition. In: Memories of the II International Congress of Hydrology of Plains. Santa Fe, Santa Fe, Argentina.
3. Aquino, D. S. (2018). Agriculturization and degradation of wetlands: changes and intensification in land use and effects on the taxonomic and functional biodiversity of vegetation in the Lower Paraná Delta. In: E. M. Abraham; R. D. Quintana and G. Mataloni (eds.). Waters + Wetlands. (pp. 378-389). 1st ed. San Martín: Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM Edita).
4. Astelarra, Sofia. (2014). Ecodevelopment? The lower Paraná Delta: another territoriality in conflict. National University of Cordoba. Faculty of Agricultural Sciences. Center for Advanced Studies; Alternative. 1-28.
5. Benzaquen, L., D.E. Blanco, R. Bo, P. Kandus, G. Lingua, P. Minotti and R. Quintana. (2017). Wetland Regions of Argentina. Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development. Fundación Humedales/Wetlands International, Universidad Nacional de San Martín and Universidad de Buenos Aires. https://lac.wetlands.org/publicacion/regiones-humedales-la-argentina/
6. Bó, R. F, Reeves, M.C. & Massa, E.S. (2021). Climate change in the Paraná River Delta. Basic information and proposals for residents, livestock producers and management agencies in the region. Wetlands international. ISBN 978-987-47431-2-1
7. Buchner, B., Clark, A., Falconer, A., Macquarie, R., Meattle, C., & Wetherbee, C. (2019). Global landscape of climate finance.
8. Cardona, O.D., M.K. van Aalst, J. Birkmann, M. Fordham, G. McGregor, R. Perez, R.S. Pulwarty, E.L.F. Schipper, and B.T. Sinh. (2012). Determinants of risk: exposure and vulnerability. In: Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation [Field, C.B., V. Barros, T.F. Stocker, D. Qin, D.J. Dokken, K.L. Ebi, M.D. Mastrandrea, K.J. Mach, G.-K. Plattner, S.K. Allen, M. Tignor, and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, and New York, NY, USA, pp. 65-108.
9. CBD. (2006). Global Biodiversity Outlook 2 Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, Montreal, 81 + vii pages.
10. Ceballos, M. M. (2004). Manual for the development of the mapping of key stakeholders -MAC. Prepared within the framework of the technical consultancy GITEC-SERCITEC.
11. ECLAC. (2017). Processes of adaptation to climate change: analysis of Latin America. https://www.cepal.org/sites/default/files/news/files/sintesis_pp_cc_procesos_de_adaptacion_al_cc.pdf
12. Ecologist Workshop. (2010). Wetlands of paraná. Biodiversity, uses and threats in the Middle Delta. https://tallerecologista.org.ar/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Humedales-del-Paran to.pdf
13. ELD Initiative. (2015). ELD Initiative User Guide: A 6+1 step approach to assess the economics of land management. GIZ: Bonn, Germany. Available from www.eld-initiative.org
14. Fagiewicz, K., Churski, P., Herodowicz, T., Kaczmarek, P., Lupa, P., Morawska-Jancelewicz, J., & Mizgajski, A. (2021). Cocreation for Climate Change—Needs for Actions to Vitalize Drivers and Diminish Barriers. Weather, Climate, and Society, 13(3), 555-570. Retrieved Sep 6. https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/wcas/13/3/WCAS-D-20-0114.1.xml
15. FAO (2011). Basic concepts of food security.
16. FAO, IFAD, WHO, WFP and UNICEF. (2021). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021. Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable, healthy diets for all. Rome.
17. FAO. (2022) . The State of the World’s Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture – Systems at breaking point. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9910en
18. FEBA (Friends of Ecosystem-based Adaptation). (2017). Making Ecosystem-based Adaptation Effective: A Framework for Defining Qualification Criteria and Quality Standards (FEBA technical paper developed for UNFCCC-SBSTA 46). Bertram, M.,1 Barrow, E.,2 Blackwood, K.,3 Rizvi, A.R.,3 Reid, H.,4 and von Scheliha-Dawid, S.5 (authors). GIZ, Bonn, Germany, IIED, London, UK, and IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. 14 pp.
19. Galperin, C.; Fossati, V.; Lo ici, M. (2013). Socio-economic valuation of the goods and services of the wetland of the Paraná Delta. Wetlands International Argentina. https://lac.wetlands.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/dlm_uploads/2019/04/Valoracion-socioecon%C3%B3mica-Delta-del-Paran%C3%A1-WEB.pdf
20. Guillaumont, P. (2008). An Economic Vulnerability Index: Its design and Use for International Development Policy. Research Paper No. 2008/99, UNU WIDER.
21. Gutierrez, P. M. (2007). Social maps: method and practical examples https://unfccc.int/es/topics/adaptation-and-resilience/the-big-picture/que-signific-adaptational-climate-change-and-climate-resilience
22. Instituto Nacional del Agua - INA. (2017). Abordaje Interinstitucional en el Estudio Delta del Río Paraná. Recovered from: https://www.ina.gob.ar/delta/pdf/CONAGUA2017_DeltaParana-Interinstituciona l.pdf
23. Instituto Nacional del Agua - INA. (2014.). Estudio Hidrodinámico Integrador del Delta del Río Paraná con fines múltiples. Recovered on November 5th 2021. https://www.ina.gob.ar/delta/index.php?seccion=1
24. Intergovernmental Coordinating Committee of the Countries of the Plata Basin [CIC]. (n.a.). Framework Program for the Sustainable Management of Water Resources of the Plata Basin, in Relation to the Effects of Variability and Climate Change. Structure. https://proyectoscic.org/programa-marco/estructura-del-programa-marco
25. IPCC (2021a). Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental
26. IPCC. (2007). Climate change 2007: Synthesis report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. [Equipo de Redacción Central, Pachauri, RK and Reisinger, A. (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 104 pp.
27. IPCC. (2018). Annex I: Glossary [Matthews, J.B.R. (ed.)]. In: Global Warming of 1.5°C. An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, H.-O. Pörtner, D. Roberts, J. Skea, P.R. Shukla, A. Pirani, W. Moufouma-Okia, C. Péan, R. Pidcock, S. Connors, J.B.R. Matthews, Y. Chen, X. Zhou, M.I. Gomis, E. Lonnoy, T. Maycock, M. Tignor, and T. Waterfield (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 541-562, doi:10.1017/9781009157940.008.
28. IPCC. (2014). Climate change 2014: Synthesis report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Central Drafting Team, RK Pachauri and LA Meyer (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 151 pp.
29. IPCC. (2021b). Regional fact sheet – Central and South America. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/factsheets/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Regional_Fact_Sheet_Central_and_South_America.pdf
30. Least Developed Countries Expert Group. (2021). Gaps and needs related to the process to formulate and implement National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) as mandated through decision 8/CP.24, Para. 17. UNFCCC. https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LEG-brief_NAP-gaps-and-needs-Mar2021.pdf
31. Machain, N., Penedo, C., Blanco, D., Andelman, M., Di Pangracio, A., Daneri (Italy), J., Rodríguez, D. & Peirano, M. (2013). A look at the conflictos and the problem of land tenure in the Paraná Delta. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Foundation for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Wetlands.
32. Masson-Delmo e, V., Zhai, P., Pirani, A., Connors, S. L., Péan, C., Berger, S., Caud, N., Chen, Y., Goldfarb, L., Gomis, M. I., Huang, M., Lei ell, K., Lonnoy, E., Mahews, J. B. R., Maycock, T. K., Waterfield, T., Yelekçi, Ö., Yu, R., & Zhou, B. (Eds.). (2021). Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press.
33. Mesa, L. (2019). Indicators for the evaluation and monitoring of changes in the ecological integrity of wetlands in the Delta of Parana River under different land uses. https://www.researchgate.net/project/Indicators-for-the-evaluation-and-monitoring-of-changes-in-the-ecological-integrity-of-wetlands-in-the-Delta-of-Parana-River-under-different-land-uses
34. Milana, J.P.; Krohling, D. (2015). Climate changes and solar cycles recorded at the Holocene Paraná Delta, and their impact on human population. Macmillan Publishers Limited; Scientific Reports; 5; E12851; 8-2015; 1-8.
35. Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development of the Argentine Republic [MAyDS]. (n.d.). Plan Integral Estratégico para la Conservación y Aprovechamiento Sostenible en el Delta del Paraná (PIECAS-DP). https://www.argentina.gob.ar/ambiente/ordenamiento-territorial/piecas
36. Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development of the Argentine Republic [MAyDS]. (2020). Conservation lighthouses: an integral solution to protect the Paraná Delta. https://www.argentina.gob.ar/ambiente/contenidos/faros-de-conservacion
37. Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development of the Argentine Republic [MAyDS]. (2020). Second Nationally Determined Contribution of the Argentine Republic. https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/ndcstaging/PublishedDocuments/Argentina%20Second/Argentina_Segunda%20Contribuci%C3%B3n%20Nacional.pdf
38. Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development of the Argentine Republic [MAyDS]. (2021a). Ambiente created a working group to elaborate the climate change adaptation plan of the Paraná Delta. https://www.argentina.gob.ar/noticias/ambiente-creo-un-grupo-de-trabajo-para-elaborar-el-plan-de-adaptacion-al-cambio-climatico
39. Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development of the Argentine Republic. (2019) Adaptation to climate change. https://www.argentina.gob.ar/ambiente/cambio-climatico/adaptacion
40. Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development of the Argentine Republic. (2021b). Results report – Meeting and training spaces for the elaboration of the National Adaptation Plan.
41. Müller, Bernhard. (2016). Policy gaps: future challenges for research. Building Research & Information. 44:3, 338-341. DOI: 10.1080/09613218.2015.1089061
42. Municipality of Rosario. (2020). Local Climate Action Plan. Rosario 2030. https://www.rosario.gob.ar/inicio/plan-local-de-accion-climatica-rosario-2030
43. National Water Institute - INA. (2014). Integrative Hydrodynamic Study of the Paraná River Delta for multiple purposes. https://www.ina.gob.ar/delta/index.php?seccion=1
44. National Water Institute - INA. (2017). Interinstitutional Approach in the Paraná River Delta Study. https://www.ina.gob.ar/delta/pdf/CONAGUA2017_DeltaParana-Interinstitucional.pdf
45. Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmo e, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S. L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M. I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Lei ell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Ma hews, T. K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press.
46. Pelfini, A. J. (2019). Communication of knowledge for adaptation to climate change: from the translation of expert knowledge to the collective construction of practical responses. Paris: UNESCO, Fundación Avina, IDRC, Red Latino Adapta.
47. Pelling, Mark. (2010). Adaptation to Climate Change: From Resilience to Transformation. Adaptation to Climate Change: From Resilience to Transformation. 1-203. DOI. 10.4324/9780203889046.
48. Peri, P.L.; Martinez Pastur, G.; Schlichter, T. (2021). Sustainable use of the forest: Contributions from Argentine Forestry. 1 special edition. Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. https://www.argentina.gob.ar/ambiente/bosques/aportes-silvicultura
49. Prieto, Manuel & Yager, Karina & Meneses, Rosa & White Nockleby, Caroline. (2021). Understanding Bofedales as Cultural Landscapes in the Central Andes. Wetlands. 41. 102. 10.1007/s13157-021-01500-y.
50. Romanello, M. et al. (2021). The 2021 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: code red for a healthy future. Lancet. 2021 Oct 30;398(10311):1619-1662. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01787-6. Epub 2021 Oct 20. Erratum in: Lancet. 2021 Dec 11;398(10317):2148. PMID: 34687662.
51. Ryan, D. & Bustos, E. (2019). Knowledge gaps and climate adaptation policy: a comparative analysis of six Latin American countries. Climate Policy. 19:10, 1297-1309, DOI: 10.1080/14693062.2019.1661819
52. Ryan, D., Scardamaglia, V., Canziani. Q. (2018). Knowledge gaps in adaptation to climate change. Argentine Diagnostic Report. Regional Network on Climate Change and Decision Making. UNESCO UNITWIN Programme, LatinoAdapta Project. http://www.cambioclimaticoydecisiones.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Informe-Argentina_2019.pdf
53. Secretariat of Environment and Sustainable Development of the Argentine Republic. (2011). Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change for Local Management and Planning. https://cambioclimatico-regatta.org/index.php/es/documentos-herramientas/category/cat-1-sub-2
54. Secretariat of Environment and Sustainable Development of the Argentine Republic [SAyDS]. (2015). Third National Communication. : https://unfccc.int/documents/67499
55. SIMARCC. https://simarcc.ambiente.gob.ar/mapa-riesgo#
56. Smit, B. & Pilifosova, O. (2018). Adaptation to Climate Change in the Context of Sustainable Development and Equity. Climate Change, Adaptive Capacity and Development. IPCC WG2. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/03/wg2TARchap18.pdf
57. Tapella, E. (2007). The Mapping of Key stakeholders. Project Working Paper: "Effects of Functional Biodiversity on Ecosystem Processes, Ecosystem Services, and Sustainability in the Americas: An Interdisciplinary Approach." Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba.
58. The World Bank. (2008). Biodiversity,Climate Change, and Adaptation. Nature-Based Solutions from the World Bank Portfolio.
59. UN: United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR). (15 March 2015). Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030. https://www.refworld.org.es/docid/5b3d419f4.html [Accessed 22 June 2022]
60. UNDP. (2021). Regional Human Development Report 2021 "Trapped: High Inequality and Low Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean".
61. UNFCCC. (2011). Report of the Conference of the Parties on its sixteenth session, held in Cancun from 29 November to 10 December 2010. Addendum Part Two: Action taken by the Conference of the Parties at its sixteenth session. FCCC/CP/2010/7/Add.1. United Nations. https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/docs/2010/cop16/eng/07a01.pdf
62. UNFCCC. (2018). Lima Adaptation Knowledge Initiative: Closing knowledge gaps to scale up adaptation. https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/NWPStaging/Documents/LAKI_e-pub_2018.pdf
63. UNFCCC. (2021). The Nairobi Work Programme. The UNFCCC's Knowledge-To-Action Hub: Closing Knowledge Gaps to Advance Transformative Adaptation and Resilience in a Changing Climate.
64. UNFCCC. (n.d.a). What does climate change adaptation and climate resilience mean?
65. UNFCCC. (n.d.b). Closing knowledge gaps to scale up adaptation. The Lima Adaptation Knowledge Initiative.
66. UNFCCC. (n.d.c). LAKI in the Andean Subregion. https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/nwpstaging/Pages/LAKI-South-America.aspx
67. United Nations Environment Programme. (2021). Adaptation Gap Report 2020. Nairobi.
68. United Nations. (n.a.). The Paris Agreement. https://www.un.org/es/climatechange/paris-agreement
69. Wang, Z., Norris, S.L. & Bero, L. (2018). The advantages and limitations of guideline adaptation frameworks. Implementation Sci 13, 72 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-018-0763-4
70. Well, Maria del Pilar (2018). The process of implementing the Paris Agreement (2016-2018): the position of developing countries on adaptation to climate change. Yearbook in International Relations.11-2018, 1-11. National University of La Plata. Faculty of Legal and Social Sciences. Institute of International Relations.
71. Wetlands International. (2010.) The Paraná Delta. https://lac.wetlands.org/publicacion/publicaciones-corredor-azul/
72. Wetlands without borders. (2021). Paraná Delta. Burning has no end. FARN, Casa RÍO, Cauce and Taller Ecologista. https://farn.org.ar/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/INFORME-DELTA-INCENDIOS-2021_compressed.pdf
73. World Tourism Organization. (2010). Tourism and Biodiversity – Achieving Common Goals Towards Sustainability.
74. World Tourism Organization., & United Nations Environment Programme. (2008). Climate change and tourism: Responding to global challenges. Madrid: World Tourism Organization. |
Implementing partners |
This project was established as a collaboration between the UNR-NWP and it benefited from support and input from several stakeholders. During the first stage of the project, an alliance was established with ICLEI Argentina and the Municipality of Rosario, with the support of the Adaptation Research Alliance (ARA) and the Embassy of the United Kingdom (UK) in Buenos Aires. This working relationship was possible through a grant by ARA and UK, who jointly funded action research opportunities seeking to develop/inform effective adaptation solutions. This alliance allowed the team to strengthen its capacity in co-creation processes and research for action. Our local partners were instrumental during the stakeholder mapping exercise as well as in facilitating outreach and logistic preparation for the workshops. Our international partners helped ensure the engagement of national and sub-national government representatives, intergovernmental organizations as well as established civil society organizations from the studied region in the co-creation workshops and key informant interviews. |
NWPYearPublication |
|
NWPUpdate |
|
SourceItemID |
2550
|
NWPSecendaryEmail |
|
NWPPrimaryEmail |
|
NWPTypeOfKnowledge |
Technical document/report
|
NWPCountryItem |
|
NWPRelevantWeblinks |
https://rephip.unr.edu.ar/items/cc71d3e6-4952-4594-8c12-4b815913c3df;#This research seeks to contribute to the understanding of knowledge needs, as well as to close knowledge gaps in the Paraná Delta region regarding climate change and adaptation planning. Therefore, research was conducted through literature review and interviews, as well as co-creation workshops between January and May 2022.
|
Attachments
|
|
 |
|
|
|