In the pilot plan with 15 banana farms, the investment for year 1 is USD 2,409,587. To support the execution of measures in bananas and the strengthening of plantains and Creole bananas, USD 567,500 must be invested in bananas and 217,500 in plantains per year.

Thus, under the scenarios studied, the investment required during the pilot plan to transform the target farms would be in the range of USD 14,457,510 in the conservative scenario, which represents 6 years of implementation to cover 60% of the farms producing banana from the country with an investment per farm of USD 160,000 per year (once per farm).  To reach a total of USD 21.5 million the support measures for the export banana sector (USD 5.7 million) and for the other musaceae sector (USD 1.3 million) must be added.

In addition to this conservative scenario, a second scenario is presented, called optimistic (scenario 2). All cost information is included in the attached report in attachments. Scenario 1 is mentioned in this application, as it is the one determined to be the most plausible according to industry experts.

The value is estimated according to the following parameters: percentage of intervened area, increase or not in productivity, percentages of efficiency in energy processes, percentages of replacement of the use of light aircraft and indicator of intensity of emissions versus production.

This value (F.1) corresponds to the conservative emissions scenario (scenario 1). The parameter values ​​are:

- Percentage of intervened area: 60% of the total national area. This value corresponds to the total reached in 2030, starting with 10% in 2022 and experiencing an annual increase of 10% until 2027. This value is maintained until 2030.

- Increase or not in productivity: No increase in yield is observed with respect to the baseline, but agro-inputs that directly affect GHG emissions are reduced as follows: the use of lime goes from 100 to 50 kg ha-1, the synthetic and organic nitrogenous compounds go from 375 to 300 kg N ha-1 and the organic ones are maintained at 36 kg N ha-1 respectively.

- Percentages of efficiency in energy processes: In this scenario, an optimization of electricity consumption in the packing plants of 30% is expected.

- Percentages of substitution of use of light aircraft: 15%. It corresponds to the substitution of light aircraft for drones in what are known as "hot zones", which are those areas that need to be reviewed with various applications of fungicides.

- Indicator of intensity of emissions versus production: 45.1 kgCO2-eq per ton produced. It corresponds to a reduction of 23.2% compared to the baseline.

In addition to this conservative scenario, a second scenario is presented, called optimistic (scenario 2). All the information on emission reduction and the values ​​of its parameters are included in the attached report in attachments. Scenario 1 is mentioned in this application, as it is the one determined to be the most plausible according to industry experts.

For the export banana sector:

• Number of Executed Projects.

• Number of farms that use drones.

• Number of studies carried out.

• Number of farms that have solar panels.

• Number of farms that have inventories made and available for biometric analysis reporting.

• Number of successful software tests.

• Number of user records (farms) in software/app.

• Number of trainings carried out.

• Number of visits to the website.

• Number of visits to profiles on social networks.

• Number of NAMA farms with stamps delivered.

• Number of Fairs with the participation of NAMA producers.

For other Musaceae (banana)

• Number of forms available.

• Number of reports of visits to banana farms.

• Reports on emissions and removals for the sampled plantain farms.

• Number of curricular proposals for validation by the Technical Committee.

• Number of plantain producers trained.

• Number of proposals for the design and implementation of the plan to strengthen governance and associativity and approval by the technical committee.

• Number of associations of plantain producers that benefit from the strengthening plan.

• Number of producers that have increased their scope and have benefited after one year of implementation of the Strengthening Plan.

• Number of NAMA plantain production and marketing pilot model proposals submitted for validation and approval by the Technical Committee.

•Number of plantain producers that have increased their plantain marketing capacity through the NAMA.

The implementation of actions to reduce GHG emissions and increase their removals generate a series of co-benefits for the Musaceae sector, beyond the direct benefit of contributing to the country and planet goals for the issue of Climate Change. Here are some of these added benefits:

a. Technology transfer from one sector to another. The Musaceae NAMA has two sectors with significant differences in terms of their technological and economic development. On the one hand, there is the export banana sector (including dates) that has generated production technologies that allow it to reach high levels of productivity and compete in the international market, with highly efficient and profitable production systems, and on the other, the plantain and Creole banana, which have not achieved productivity levels that make their systems profitable, and we find a large part of the producers with subsistence production systems and with high levels of poverty. So, the situation in which the Musaceae sector must work together to address the issue of Climate Change, as well as the high risk that the advance of Fusarium generates for the Musaceae sector worldwide, means that the opportunity arises that through the NAMA allows greater technology transfer from one sector to another, specifically given the technology that CORBANA already has and that CORBANA could generate in terms of NAMA practices, which could be adapted and transferred to the plantain and Creole banana production systems.

b. Environmental-Social Improvements. The use of drones, in the first instance for applications in areas adjoining roads, natural protection zone centers, and in the second instance as a generalized practice for the control of Black Sigatoka, would allow a lower impact of the control of Black Sigatoka in systems such as drainage channels, streams, rivers and protection zones (forests), thus reducing the probability of water contamination and damage to different types of species. Various studies, such as those by Espinoza and Tinoco (2015), have managed to show that the reduction in the risk of contamination by aerial spraying of urban areas and roads generates a strong positive impact on the health of the inhabitants of the banana communities. The practices of reducing the use of fertilizers would also have a positive impact on the basins of the banana areas, avoiding damage to the flora and fauna of the streams, rivers, canals, lagoons and the ocean (Blanco, 2017).

c. Product differentiation. By implementing the musaceae sector NAMA practices for the entire industry, it will be possible to better visualize the way in which the sector is changing and reducing its carbon footprint and its impact on the environment and communities, allowing differentiation in markets with consumers that include these issues in their decision making of what to buy, giving the sector greater access to markets, being able to keep competing in the markets, and in some cases obtain differentiated prices.

d. Landscape. The practices to increase the wooded areas and in general the presence of trees in the banana/plantain areas would allow an improvement in the landscape of the towns, generating an improvement in the life of the communities and opening opportunities for other types of businesses related to the rural-community tourism.

These co-benefits are given thanks to the actions implemented by the Musaceae NAMA such as: economic support for small producers, strengthening the local community throughout the national territory; government mechanisms to promote associativity in the banana, Creole banana and date sectors, improving links in the national network of farmers; strengthening of forest management plans, guaranteeing their maintenance and protection, as an environmental resource; promotion of forest plantations in urban-industrial areas, as well as on roads or rivers, achieving, in addition to carbon removal, added landscape value; use of solar panels for power generation, providing greater independence to farmers against fluctuations in energy market prices.

Costa Rica has an important history of ambition and climate action, and it is a nation that has several international treaties related to environmental challenges of interest to both the world community and the country. Costa Rica has been part of the Paris Agreement since 2016 and presented its first NDC in 2015, updating it in 2020.

In coordination with international commitments, the country has adopted a series of policy designs linked to the promotion of productive activities (including rice) that are sustainable and friendly to the environment and, especially, that reduce GHG emissions , thereby allowing it to get closer to its climate ambitions.

• The National Development and Public Investment Plan (PNDIP) 2019 – 2022: The National Plan includes actions regarding the reduction of GHG emissions in the agricultural sector, through the development of "sustainable production models in livestock and agricultural farms.” (1072_0.pdf (unesco.org))

• The National Policy for Adaptation to Climate Change: The National Policy for Adaptation to Climate Change proposes that "agricultural production systems (...) adopt resilient and eco-competitive production practices, designs and construction systems in the face of climate change." (final-politica-adaptacion-24-abril.pdf (cambioclimatico.go.cr)

• National Plan for Decarbonization by 2050: The Plan specifically seeks to guide the "modern, green and emission-free economy in order to have net zero emissions by the year 2050." (PLAN-NACIONAL-DESCARBONIZACION.pdf (cambioclimatico.go.cr)

•     National Adaptation Plan 2018-2030 (in design process)

• Sectoral Plan 2019 – 2022 of the Agricultural, Fishing and Rural Sector: Plan with strategic interventions, among which one linked to promoting climate actions that contribute to the comprehensive decarbonization of the agricultural sector through the design and implementation of NAMAS in rice, musaceae and cane of sugar, which would be added to the existing NAMAS in livestock and coffee. (2019-010-Plan_Sectorial_2019-2022.pdf (sepsa.go.cr))

•   State Policy for the Costa Rican Agrifood Sector and Rural Development (2018): Action document for the technical modernization of the country's agricultural sector, including the rice sector. (Politica-sector-agro-2010-2021.pdf (inder.go.cr))

• Paris Agreement: The Paris Agreement corresponds to a supranational exercise which is materialized in the country through the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), in which, through contribution 7.2, it is desired that the productive chains migrate to a low in greenhouse gas emissions. (parisagreement_publication.pdf (unfccc.int)
• Agro-environmental Agenda: Intersectoral effort of great importance for the productive activity of rice. Among its work axes are elements related to climate-smart agriculture. (agenda-agroambiental-final-aprobada.pdf (mag.go.cr))
• National Bioeconomy Strategy 2020-2030: Axis focused on bioeconomy for rural development through better environmental management of the agricultural sector (policyespañol (micitt.go.cr))

•     National REDD+ Strategy  (4863_1_fon_estrategia_red_cr_lr.pdf (unfccc.int))

•     National Climate Change Strategy (Estrategia_Nacional_de_CC.pdf (cac.int))

• National Policy for Sustainable Production and Consumption (Política Nacional de Producción y Consumo Sostenibles (digeca.go.cr)) 

• AgroAmbiente Agenda MAG – MINAE (2021). (Agenda AgroAmbiente).

• Law No. 8285, 2002: Creation of the National Rice Corporation, CONARROZ is responsible for making known the minimum amount of the grain price that agro-industrial companies must pay the producer. (Ley8285.pdf)

• Law No. 7472, 1995: setting prices and marketing margins for rice. (Ley7472)

• MAG-MINAE Agreement, 2018. Agreement between the Ministry of Environment and Energy and the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock for the reduction of emissions in the agricultural sector. (Acuerdo-sectorial-reduccion-emisiones-sector-agropecuario.pdf (mag.go.cr))